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https://github.com/mikaela/mikaela.github.io/
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133 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
133 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Quick localectl config
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excerpt:
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Reminder on systemd keyboard and language settings, also including more
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regionally tailored ones.
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layout: mini
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permalink: /n/localectl.html
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redirect_from:
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- /locale.html
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- /locales.html
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- /english/2016/10/16/adjusting-locales.html
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- /blog/english/2016/10/16/adjusting-locales.html
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sitemap: true
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lang: en
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robots: noai
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---
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# Quick notes on `localectl` settings
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_{page.excerpt}_
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<!-- editorconfig-checker-disable -->
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<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
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<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
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<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
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<em lang="fi">Automaattinen sisällysluettelo</em> / <em lang="en">Automatically generated Table of Contents</em>
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- [Ready commands](#ready-commands)
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- [Finland compatible internationalish English](#finland-compatible-internationalish-english)
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- [Explanations](#explanations)
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<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
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<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
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<!-- editorconfig-checker-enable -->
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## Ready commands
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TL;DR:
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```
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sudo localectl set-keymap fi
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sudo localectl set-locale fi_FI.UTF-8
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sudo localectl set-x11-locale fi
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```
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### Finland compatible internationalish English
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```bash
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sudo localectl set-locale LANG=en_IE.UTF-8 LC_TIME=en_DK.UTF-8 LC_MONETARY=fi_FI.UTF-8 LC_NAME=fi_FI.UTF-8 LC_TELEPHONE=fi_FI.UTF-8
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```
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- Everything will be in English, but time will be in ISO 8601, financial units
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use Finnish separators, names are sorted according to Finnish alphabet (a, …,
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x, y, z, å, ä, ö) and phone numbers begin with the Finnish `+358` prefix.
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## Explanations
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- LANG is the language and defaults for other variables if they are unset. en_DK
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gives ISO 8601 date format for everything respecting LC_TIME.
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- `LANG=en_IE date` returns `Sun 02 Jun 2024 11:05:04 EEST`, while
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`LANG=en_DK date` returns `2024-06-02T11:05:04 EEST`.
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- LC_MONETARY sets the currency and how sums of it are managed.
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- LC_NAME sets name format and I prefer Finnish (just the name) to Irish which
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probably has `M{r,s,rs}` and I hate them being gendered and I doubt it
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understands Mx.
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- LC_TELEPHONE sets telephone number format and I set it to fi_FI as it defaults
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international numbers to +358 and I am more likely to be typing Finnish
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numbers than Irish. I imagine it can affect office tools, and it's here more
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of just in case.
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And naturally to use these locales, they must be compiled.
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So `/etc/locale.gen` must include the lines
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```
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en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8
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en_IE.UTF-8 UTF-8
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fi_FI.UTF-8 UTF-8
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```
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and as always, after editing that file, you must run `sudo locale-gen`.
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(Debian & deriative users, you have `dpkg-reconfigure locales` that merges the
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editing and locale-gen and that is probably what you are supposed to use.)
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It seems like I didn't even say anything about that UTF-8 part, but it's 2024
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and everything is UTF-8 (or your things are horribly broken and the rest of the
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world hates you).
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Sources/thanks:
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- [Arch Wiki: Locale, LC_TIME](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/locale#LC_TIME:_date_and_time_format)
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- [Locale Helper: en_IE](https://lh.2xlibre.net/locale/en_IE/)
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- [Locale Helper: fi_FI](https://lh.2xlibre.net/locale/fi_FI/)
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- [Wikipedia: UTF-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8)
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- Random misplaced advice: disable charset fallback in your IRC client and be
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UTF-8 only! You will see when someone is not using UTF-8 and won't submit
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useless bug reports to bots/bridges/whatever that are UTF-8 only (as
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supporting every charset is impossible, since IRC has nothing to declare
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character set, and there is zero reason why you wouln't be using UTF-8! Well
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nowadays some have
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[IRCv3 `UTF8ONLY` `ISUPPORT` token](https://ircv3.net/specs/extensions/utf8-only)).
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- [ISO 8601](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601)
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- You should read it or at least be aware of it especially if you are in
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contact with people from other countries and even more if you are in
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international communities trying to get anything done with anything that has
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to do with time or date!
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---
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2019-12-27: I don't see LANGUAGE mentioned here, but it was blocking me from
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changing language of GNOME and `sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales` in the end gave
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me
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`*** update-locale: Warning: LANGUAGE (en_US:en) is not compatible with LANG (fi_FI.UTF-8). Disabling it.`.
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Either I was wrong on it being list of fallback languages I wish to use, or
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GNOME has different view on it, but as I think I have seen errors related to it
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before, I will drop `LANGUAGE` from the variables I set.
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---
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2024-04-04: `export LANGUAGE=eo:fi:en` in a file read by my
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[`zshrc`](https://gitea.blesmrt.net/mikaela/shell-things/src/branch/master/rc/zshrc)
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works fine as it gets read before my
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[`startsway`](https://gitea.blesmrt.net/mikaela/scripts/src/branch/master/bash/usr-local-bin/startsway)
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anyway.
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---
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2024-06-02: fixed a lot of language, practically rewrote the page.
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