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84 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
84 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: post
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comments: true
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title: "Note to self: adjusting locales & why"
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category: [english]
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tags: [english, linux, locale]
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redirect_from:
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- /locale.html
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- /locales.html
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- /english/2016/10/16/adjusting-locales.html
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---
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*I have started using my devices in en_GB, but on PCs that can have issues
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with different types of different locales unless some things are borrowed
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from other locales.*
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`% sudo localectl set-locale LANG=en_GB.utf8 LC_TIME=en_DK.utf8 LC_MONETARY=fi_FI.utf8 LC_NAME=fi_FI.utf8 LC_TELEPHONE=fi_FI.utf8`
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* LANG is the language and defaults for other variables if they are unset
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and as I said I prefer en_GB which is better in Europe for matching the
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standards better than en_US.
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* LC_TIME sets the time format and en_DK gives ISO 8601 date format for
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everything respecting LC_TIME (at least `date` and M̀ATE panel clock
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don't respect it).
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* LC_MONETARY sets the currency and how sums of it are managed and the
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only issue with en_GB is it using £ instead of € which affects at least
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spreadsheets.
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* LC_NAME sets name format and I prefer Finnish (just the name) to British
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which has ms/mrs/mr and I hate them being gendered and I doubt it
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understands mx.
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* LC_TELEPHONE sets telephone number format and I set it to fi_FI as it
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defaults international numbers to +358 and I am more likely to be typing
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Finnish numbers than British. I imagine it can affect office tools, and
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it's here more just in case.
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And naturally to use these locales, they must be compiled.
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So `/etc/locale.gen` must include the lines
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```
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en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8
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en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
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# If you don't have en_US, things will break!
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en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
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fi_FI.UTF-8 UTF-8
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```
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and as always, after editing that file, you must run `sudo locale-gen`.
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(Debian & deriative users, you have `dpkg-reconfigure locales` that merges
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the editing and locale-gen and that is probably what you are supposed to
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use.)
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It seems like I didn't even say anything about that UTF-8 part, but
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it's 2016 and everything is UTF-8 (or your things are horribly broken
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and the rest of the world hates you).
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Sources/thanks:
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* [Arch Wiki: Locale, LC_TIME](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/locale#LC_TIME:_date_and_time_format)
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* [Locale Helper: en_GB](https://lh.2xlibre.net/locale/en_GB/)
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* [Locale Helper_ fi_FI](https://lh.2xlibre.net/locale/fi_FI/)
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* [Wikipedia: UTF-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8)
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* Random misplaced advice on disabling charset fallback in your
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IRC client and being UTF-8 only so you see when someone is not
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using UTF-8 and don't submit useless bug reports to
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bots/bridges/whatever thare are UTF-8 only as supporting every
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charset is not possible as IRC has nothing to declare character
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set and there is zero reason why you wouln't be using UTF-8!
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* [ISO 8601](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601)
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* You should read it or at least be aware of it especially if you are
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in contact with people from other countries and even more if you
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are in international communities!
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* * * * *
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2019-12-27: I don't see LANGUAGE mentioned here, but it was blocking me
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from changing language of GNOME and `sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales` in the
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end gave me `*** update-locale: Warning: LANGUAGE (en_US:en) is not compatible with LANG (fi_FI.UTF-8). Disabling it.`.
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Either I was wrong on it being list of fallback languages I wish to use, or
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GNOME has different view on it, but as I think I have seen errors related
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to it before, I will drop `LANGUAGE` from the variables I set.
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