pbot/README.md

PBot

PBot is a versatile IRCv3 Bot written in Perl

• Installation / Quick Start
• Features
  • IRCv3 capable
  • Powerful command interpreter
    • Piping
    • Substitution
    • Variables
    • Selectors
    • Inline invocation
    • Chaining
    • Background processing
  • Scripting interface
  • Extensible
    • Factoids
    • Code factoids
    • Plugins
    • Modules
    • Functions
  • Virtual machine to safely execute user-submitted code
  • Powerful user management
  • Useful IRC quality-of-life improvements
  • Channel management and protection
  • Easy configuration
  • Live reloading of core modules or data files
• Documentation
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Support
• License

Installation / Quick Start

To get up-and-running quickly, check out the Quick Start guide.

Features

IRCv3 capable

PBot supports several features of the IRCv3 specification.

• client capability negotiation
• SASL authentication
• account-notify, extended-join, and more.

Powerful command interpreter

PBot has a powerful command interpreter with useful functionality, and tons of built-in commands.

For more information, see the Commands documentation.

Piping

You can pipe output from one command as input into another command, indefinitely.

<pragma-> !echo hello world | {sed s/world/everybody/} | {uc}
   <PBot> HELLO EVERYBODY

Learn more.

Substitution

You can insert the output from another command at any point within a command. This substitutes the command with its output at the point where the command was used.

<pragma-> !echo This is &{echo a demonstration} of command substitution
   <PBot> This is a demonstration of command substitution

For example, suppose you want to make a Google Image Search command. The naive way would be to simply do:

<pragma-> !factadd img /call echo https://google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=$args

Unfortuately this would not support queries containing spaces or certain symbols. But never fear! We can use command substitution and the uri_escape function from the func command.

Note that you must escape the command substitution to insert it literally into the factoid otherwise it will be expanded first.

<pragma-> !factadd img /call echo https://google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=\&{func uri_escape $args}

<pragma-> !img spaces & stuff
   <PBot> https://google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=spaces%20%26%20stuff

Learn more.

Variables

You can use factoids as variables and interpolate them within commands.

<pragma-> !factadd greeting "Hello, world"

<pragma-> !echo greeting is $greeting
   <PBot> greeting is Hello, world

PBot variable interpolation supports expansion modifiers, which can be chained to combine their effects.

<pragma-> !echo $greeting:uc
   <PBot> HELLO, WORLD

Learn more.

Selectors

You can select a random item from a selection list and interpolate the value within commands.

<pragma-> !echo This is a %(neat|cool|awesome) bot.
   <PBot> This is a cool bot.

Learn more.

Inline invocation

You can invoke up to three commands inlined within a message. If the message is addressed to a nick, the output will also be addressed to them.

<pragma-> newuser13: Check the !{version} and the !{help} documentation.
   <PBot> newuser13: PBot version 2696 2020-01-04
   <PBot> newuser13: To learn all about me, see https://github.com/pragma-/pbot/tree/master/doc

Learn more.

Chaining

You can execute multiple commands sequentially as one command.

<pragma-> !echo Test! ;;; me smiles. ;;; version
   <PBot> Test! * PBot smiles. PBot version 2696 2020-01-04

Learn more.

Background processing

All of PBot’s internal commands complete instantly, but suppose you make a Plugin that provides a command that may potentially take a long time to complete? Not a problem! You can use the cmdset command to set the background-process command metadata and the command will now run as a background process, allowing PBot to carry on with its duties.

The familiar ps and kill commands can be used to list and kill the background processes.

You can also cmdset the process-timeout command metadata to set the timeout, in seconds, before the command is automatically killed. Otherwise the processmanager.default_timeout registry value will be used.

Scripting interface

PBot uses Plang as a scripting language. You can use the scripting language to construct advanced commands that are capable of interacting with PBot internal API functions.

Learn more.

Extensible

Additional commands and functionality can be added to PBot in the following ways.

Factoids

Factoids are a very special type of command. Anybody interacting with PBot can create, edit, delete and invoke factoids.

A simple factoid merely displays the text the creator sets.

<pragma-> !factadd hello /say Hello, $nick!
   <PBot> hello added to global channel.

<pragma-> PBot, hello
   <PBot> Hello, pragma-!

Significantly more complex factoids can be built by using $variables, command-substitution, command-piping, /code invocation, command prefixes such as /say, /me, /msg, and more!

PBot factoids include these advanced features:

• undo/redo history
• changelog history
• channel namespaces
• factadd and factchange commands accept a -url option that sets the factoid contents from a paste website. In other words, you can edit a factoid’s contents using your local editor, preserving line-breaks and indentation.
• advanced $variable interpolation ($var:lc to lowercase contents, $var:ucfirst to uppercase first letter, etc)
• factoid-based variable lists (e.g., add a factoid colors containing “red green blue” and then !echo $colors will randomly pick one)
• advanced argument processing (indexing, splicing, etc)
• metadata (e.g. owner, times used, last used date, locked, etc)
• special commands (/say, /me, /msg, /code, etc)
• and much, much more!

For more information, see the Factoids documentation.

Code factoids

Code factoids are a special type of factoid that executes its contents within a sandboxed virtual machine.

The contents of code factoids must begin with the /code command:

/code <language> <code>

For example, the venerable rot13 function:

<pragma-> !factadd rot13 /code sh echo "$@" | tr a-zA-Z n-za-mN-ZA-M
   <PBot> rot13 added to global channel.

<pragma-> !rot13 Pretty neat, huh?
   <PBot> Cerggl arng, uhu?

Making a choose command:

<pragma-> !factadd choose /code zsh _arr=($args); print $_arr[$((RANDOM % $#_arr + 1))]
   <PBot> choose added to global channel.

Using the choose command via an inlined command:

<pragma-> hmm, what should I have for dinner? !{choose chicken "roast beef" pizza meatloaf}
   <PBot> pizza

You can even pipe output from other commands to Code Factoids.

<pragma-> !echo test | {rot13}
   <PBot> grfg

For more information, see the Code Factoid documentation.

Plugins

PBot can dynamically load and unload Perl modules to alter its behavior.

These are some of the plugins that PBot has; there are many more:

Plugin	Description
GoogleSearch	Performs Internet searches using the Google search engine.
UrlTitles	When a URL is seen in a channel, intelligently display its title. It will not display titles that are textually similiar to the URL, in order to maintain the channel signal-noise ratio.
Quotegrabs	Grabs channel messages as quotes for posterity. Can grab messages from anywhere in the channel history. Can grab multiple messages at once!
Weather	Fetches and shows weather data for a location.
Wolfram	Queries Wolfram|Alpha for answers.
Wttr	Advanced weather Plugin with tons of options. Uses wttr.in.
RemindMe	Lets people set up reminders. Lots of options.
ActionTrigger	Lets admins set regular expression triggers to execute PBot commands or factoids.
AntiAway	Detects when a person uses annoying in-channel away messages and warns them.
AutoRejoin	Automatically rejoin channels if kicked or removed.
AntiNickSpam	Detects when a person is spamming an excessive number of nicks in the channel and removes them.
AntiRepeat	Warn people about excessively repeating messages. Kicks if they fail to heed warnings.
AntiTwitter	Warn people about addressing others with @<nick>. Kicks if they fail to heed warnings.
Date	Displays date and time for a timezone.

There are even a few games!

Plugin	Description
Spinach	An advanced multiplayer Trivia game engine with a twist! A question is shown. Everybody privately submits a false answer. All false answers and the true answer is shown. Everybody tries to guess the true answer. Points are gained when people pick your false answer!
Battleship	The classic Battleship board game, simplified for IRC
Connect4	The classic Connect-4 game.

Modules

Modules are external command-line executable programs and scripts that can be loaded as PBot commands.

Suppose you have the Qalculate! command-line program and you want to provide a PBot command for it. You can create a very simple shell script containing:

#!/bin/sh
qalc "$*"

And let’s call it qalc.sh and put it in PBot’s modules/ directory.

Then you can load it with the load command.

!load qalc qalc.sh

Now you have a Qalculate! calculator in PBot!

<pragma-> !qalc 2 * 2
   <PBot> 2 * 2 = 4

These are just some of the modules PBot comes with; there are several more:

Module	Description
C-to-English translator	Translates C code to natural English sentences.
C precedence analyzer	Adds parentheses to C code to demonstrate precedence.
C Jeopardy! game	C programming trivia game based on the Jeopardy! TV game show.
C Standard citations	Cite specified sections/paragraphs from the C standard.
Virtual machine	Executes arbitrary code and commands within a virtual machine.
dict.org Dictionary	Interface to dict.org for definitions, translations, acronyms, etc.
Urban Dictionary	Search Urban Dictionary for definitions.
Manpages	Display a concise formatting of manual pages (designed for C functions)

For more information, see the Modules documentation.

Functions

Functions are commands that accept input, manipulate it and then output the result. They are extremely useful with piping or command substituting.

For example, the uri_escape function demonstrated in the Substitution section earlier makes text safe for use in a URL.

<pragma-> uri_escape thing's & words
   <PBot> thing%27s%20%26%20words

We also saw the sed and uc functions demonstrated in Piping. The sed function replaces text using a substitution regex. The uc function uppercases the text.

<pragma-> echo Hello world! | {sed s/world/universe/} | {uc}
   <PBot> HELLO UNIVERSE!

Here’s a short list of the Functions that come with PBot.

Name	Description
uri_escape	Percent-encodes unsafe URI characters.
sed	Performs sed-like regex substitution.
grep	Searches a string, using a regex, and prints the matching whole-word (e.g. echo pizza hamburger hotdog \| {grep burger} outputs hamburger).
pluralize	Intelligently makes a word or phrase plural.
unquote	Removes surrounding quotation marks.
title	Title-cases text. That is, lowercases the text then uppercases the first letter of each word.
ucfirst	Uppercases the first character of the text.
uc	Uppercases all characters.
lc	Lowercases all characters.

Additional Functions can easily be added by making a very simple PBot Plugin.

For more information, see the Functions documentation.

Virtual machine to safely execute user-submitted code

PBot can integrate with a virtual machine to safely execute arbitrary user-submitted operating system commands or code.

PBot supports several shells and languages out of the box!

One of PBot’s most powerful features, Code Factoids, would not be possible without this.

<pragma-> !sh echo Remember rot13? | tr a-zA-Z n-za-mN-ZA-M
   <PBot> Erzrzore ebg13?

    <nil> !go package main\nimport "fmt"\nfunc main() { fmt.Print("foo" == "foo"); }
   <PBot> true

<pragma-> !python print('Hello there!')
   <PBot> Hello there!

PBot has extensive support for the C programming language. For instance, the C programming language plugin is integrated with the GNU Debugger. It will print useful debugging information.

<pragma-> !cc char *p = 0; *p = 1;
   <PBot> runtime error: store to null pointer of type 'char'
          Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault at
          statement: *p = 1; <local variables: p = 0x0>

It can display the value of the most recent statement if there is no program output.

<pragma-> !cc sizeof (int)
   <PBot> no output: sizeof(int) = 4

For more information about the C programming language plugin, see the cc command in the Modules documentation.

For more information about the virtual machine, see the Virtual Machine documentation.

Powerful user management

PBot has powerful yet simple user management functionality and commands.

• instead of generic access-levels, fine-grained user capabilities limit what users may do
• user accounts can be global or channel-specific
• users can be recognized by hostmask or required to login with password
• users can adjust their user-metadata with the my command
• and much, much more!

For more information, see the Admin documentation.

Useful IRC quality-of-life improvements

• mode command can take wildcards, e.g. mode +ov foo* bar* to op nicks beginning with foo and voice nicks beginning with bar
• unban <nick> and unmute <nick> will remove all bans/mutes matching their current or previously seen hostmasks or accounts
• ban and mute will intelligently set banmasks; supports timeouts
• ban and mute can take a comma-separate list of nicks. Will intelligently group them into multiple MODE +bbbb commands
• kick can take a comma-separated list of nicks; also accepts wildcards
• and much, much more!

For more information, see the Admin documentation.

Channel management and protection

PBot can perform the typical channel management tasks.

• opping/deopping, etc
• channel-mode tracking
• user hostmask/alias tracking
• ban-evasion detection
• flood detection
• whitelisting, blacklisting, etc
• spam/advertisement detection
• and much, much more!

For more information, see the Channels documentation and the Anti-abuse documentation

Easy configuration

PBot’s settings are contained in a central registry of key/value pairs grouped by sections.

These settings can easily be configured via several methods:

• PBot’s command-line arguments
• simple built-in commands (regset, regunset, etc)
• editing the $data_dir/registry plain-text JSON file

For more information, see the Registry documentation.

Live reloading of core modules or data files

Suppose you edit some PBot source file, be it a core file such as PBot/Interpreter.pm or a Plugin such as Plugins/Wttr.pm. Or suppose there’s a PBot update available. Most simple bots would require you to shut down the bot and restart it in order to see the modifications.

Not PBot! you can simply use the refresh command to reload all modified PBot core files and Plugins without bot restart.

You can also use the reload command to reload any modified configuration or data files.

Documentation

See the PBot documentation for more information.

Frequently Asked Questions

If you have a question, try the PBot FAQ!

Support

For additional questions and support, feel free to join the #pbot channel on the Libera.Chat IRC network (Web Chat).

License

PBot is licensed under the Mozilla Public License, version 2.