# Textarea Caret Position

Get the `top` and `left` coordinates of the caret in a `<textarea>` or
`<input type="text">`, in pixels. Useful for textarea autocompletes like
GitHub or Twitter, or for single-line autocompletes like the name drop-down
in Twitter or Facebook's search or the company dropdown on Google Finance.

How it's done: a faux `<div>` is created off-screen and styled exactly like the
`textarea` or `input`. Then, the text of the element up to the caret is copied
into the `div` and a `<span>` is inserted right after it. Then, the text content
of the span is set to the remainder of the text in the `<textarea>`, in order to
faithfully reproduce the wrapping in the faux `div` (because wrapping can push
the currently typed word onto the next line). The same is done for the
`input` to simplify the code, though it makes no difference. Finally, the span's
offset within the `textarea` or `input` is returned.


## Demo

Check out the [JSFiddle](http://jsfiddle.net/dandv/aFPA7/)
or the [test.html](http://rawgit.com/component/textarea-caret-position/master/test/index.html).


## Features

* supports `<textarea>`s and `<input type="text">` elements
* pixel precision with any combination of paddings, margins, borders, heights vs. line-heights etc.
* keyboard, mouse support and touch support
* no dependencies whatsoever
* browser compatibility: Chrome, Safari, Firefox (despite [two](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=753662) [bugs](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=984275) it has), Opera, IE9+
* supports any font family and size, as well as text-transforms
* not confused by horizontal or vertical scrollbars in the textarea
* supports hard returns, tabs (except on IE) and consecutive spaces in the text
* correct position on lines longer than the columns in the text area
* [no problem](https://archive.is/wXqud#13402035) getting the correct position when the input text is scrolled (i.e. the first visible character is no longer the first in the text)
* no ["ghost" position in the empty space](https://github.com/component/textarea-caret-position/blob/06d2197f85f96405b43724e56dc56f220c0092a5/test/position_off_after_wrapping_with_whitespace_before_EOL.gif) at the end of a line when wrapping long words in a `<textarea>`
* RTL (right-to-left) support


## Example

```js
var getCaretCoordinates = require('textarea-caret');

document.querySelector('textarea').addEventListener('input', function () {
  var caret = getCaretCoordinates(this, this.selectionEnd);
  console.log('(top, left, height) = (%s, %s, %s)', caret.top, caret.left, caret.height);
})
```


## API

### getCaretCoordinates(element, position)

* `element` is the DOM element, either an `<input type="text">` or `textarea`

* `position` is an integer indicating the location of the caret. Most often you'll want to pass `this.selectionStart` or `this.selectionEnd`. This way, the library isn't opinionated about what the caret is.

The function returns a caret coordinates object of the form `{top: , left: , height: }`, where:
* `top` and `left` are the offsets in pixels from the upper-left corner of the element and (or presumably the upper-right, but this hasn't been tested), and
* `height` is the height of the caret - useful to calculate the bottom of the caret.


## Known issues

* Off-by-one edge cases with spaces at the end of lines in `<textarea>`s ([#29](https://github.com/component/textarea-caret-position/issues/9#issuecomment-303601894)). This may be a bug in how browsers render the caret.
* Edge case with selecting from right to left strings longer than the `<input>` ([#40](https://github.com/component/textarea-caret-position/issues/40)). The caret position can be quite off in this case.
* Tab characters in `<textarea>`s aren't supported in IE9 ([#14](https://github.com/component/textarea-caret-position/issues/14))


## Dependencies

None.


## TODO

* Add tests.
* Consider adding [IE-specific](http://geekswithblogs.net/svanvliet/archive/2005/03/24/textarea-cursor-position-with-javascript.aspx) [code](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16212871/get-the-offset-position-of-the-caret-in-a-textarea-in-pixels) if it avoids the necessity of creating the mirror div and might fix [#14](https://github.com/component/textarea-caret-position/issues/14).
* ~~Test IE8 support with `currentStyle`~~.


## Implementation notes

For the same textarea of 25 rows and 40 columns, Chrome 33, Firefox 27 and IE9 returned completely different values
for `computed.width`, `textarea.offsetWidth`, and `textarea.clientWidth`. Here, `computed` is `getComputedStyle(textarea)`:

Chrome 33
* `computed.width `: "240px" = the text itself, no borders, no padding, no scrollbars
* `textarea.clientWidth`: 280 = computed.width + padding-left + padding-right
* `textarea.offsetWidth`: 327 = clientWidth + scrollbar (15px) + border-left + border-right

IE 9: scrollbar looks 16px, the text itself in the text area is 224px wide
* `computed.width`: "241.37px" = text only + sub-pixel scrollbar? (1.37px)
* `textarea.clientWidth`: 264
* `textarea.offsetWidth`: 313

Firefox 27
* `computed.width`: "265.667px"
* `textarea.clientWidth`: 249 - the only browser where textarea.clientWidth < computed.width
* `textarea.offsetWidth`: 338


## Contributors

* Dan Dascalescu ([dandv](https://github.com/dandv))
* Jonathan Ong ([jonathanong](https://github.com/jonathanong))