Figuring out what is the USB stick

Start by mounting the stick which should be automatic in GUI.

mount|grep /dev/sd

should tell what is the /dev/USBSTICK

Creating bootable USB stick

isohybrid image.iso
dd if=image of=/dev/USBSTICK bs=1024

Creating .iso from CD/DVD

First unmount the CD/DVD and then

dd if=/dev/DRIVE of=image.iso

DRIVE can be /dev/dvd /dev/cdrom or /dev/scd0 depending on the CD/DVD.

Backing up scratched CD/DVD

dd if=/dev/DRIVE (see above) of=IMAGE.iso conv=noerror

maybe ddrescue should be used instead of dd.

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