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@ -65,8 +65,11 @@ least temporary. Thus I think this list belongs here close enough.
## What is ECS? ## What is ECS?
EDNS Client-Subnet is a DNS extension letting the authoritative nameserver [EDNS](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension_Mechanisms_for_DNS) [Client-Subnet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDNS_Client_Subnet) is a DNS extension letting the authoritative nameserver
know your `/24` (IPv4) or `/56` (IPv6). know your subnet, generally a `/24` (IPv4) or a `/56` (IPv6), but the revealed
subnet size is up to your DNS resolver configuration.
_See also simpler explanation at [PrivacyGuides.org DNS Overview](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/advanced/dns-overview/#what-is-edns-client-subnet-ecs)._
- /24 is the first three parts of your IPv4 address e.g. 192.0.2.xxx. - /24 is the first three parts of your IPv4 address e.g. 192.0.2.xxx.
The last part of your IP address (the xxx) again is a number between 1 The last part of your IP address (the xxx) again is a number between 1
@ -82,6 +85,7 @@ know your `/24` (IPv4) or `/56` (IPv6).
which is the most common way of getting IPv6 address in your local area which is the most common way of getting IPv6 address in your local area
network as opposed to IPv4 where you would have network as opposed to IPv4 where you would have
[Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol). [Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol).
- Your router does get the IPv6 subnet assignment for LAN distribution by means of [DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_delegation) which is also common on mobile networks.
### Why to use ECS? ### Why to use ECS?
@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ _Android DoH3 option:_ `dns.google`
- [Green Code](https://www.exove.com/green-code/) ([pdf](https://www.exove.com/app/uploads/2023/09/Green-Code-v2.pdf) [txt](https://www.exove.com/app/uploads/2023/09/greencode-v2.txt)) - [Green Code](https://www.exove.com/green-code/) ([pdf](https://www.exove.com/app/uploads/2023/09/Green-Code-v2.pdf) [txt](https://www.exove.com/app/uploads/2023/09/greencode-v2.txt))
If you utilize services of internet giants or condent delivery networks, ECS will likely give you [the shortest distance, the lowest latency, the highest speed](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_computing) and may help with decreasing your _digital carbon footprint_. If you utilize services of internet giants or content delivery networks, ECS will likely give you [the shortest distance, the lowest latency, the highest speed](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_computing) and may help with decreasing your _digital carbon footprint_.
If those matter to you, you may also like to consider [increasing your minimum TTL to around an hour in a local server](https://blog.apnic.net/2019/11/12/stop-using-ridiculously-low-dns-ttls/). If those matter to you, you may also like to consider [increasing your minimum TTL to around an hour in a local server](https://blog.apnic.net/2019/11/12/stop-using-ridiculously-low-dns-ttls/).
@ -206,13 +210,19 @@ These issues bring additional questions:
Or what is being sent to the authoritative servers. Or what is being sent to the authoritative servers.
```bash ```bash
# https://support.google.com/interconnect/answer/7658602
dig +short TXT o-o.myaddr.l.google.com. dig +short TXT o-o.myaddr.l.google.com.
# https://www.akamai.com/blog/developers/introducing-new-whoami-tool-dns-resolver-information
dig +short TXT whoami.ds.akahelp.net. dig +short TXT whoami.ds.akahelp.net.
dig +short TXT whoami.ipv6.akahelp.net. dig +short TXT whoami.ipv6.akahelp.net.
dig +short TXT whoami.ipv4.akahelp.net. dig +short TXT whoami.ipv4.akahelp.net.
# https://powerdns.org/useful-names/
dig +short TXT whoami-ecs.lua.powerdns.org.
dig +short TXT whoami-ecs.v6.powerdns.org.
dig +short TXT whoami-ecs.v4.powerdns.org.
``` ```
- Note: Cloudflare sends ECS only for `whoami.ds.akahelp.net`, nowhere else. - Note: [Cloudflare sends ECS only for `whoami.ds.akahelp.net`, nowhere else](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/faq/#does-1.1.1.1-send-edns-client-subnet-header).
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