mirror of
https://github.com/Mikaela/Limnoria.git
synced 2024-11-23 19:19:32 +01:00
451 lines
16 KiB
Python
451 lines
16 KiB
Python
"""Beautiful Soup
|
|
Elixir and Tonic
|
|
"The Screen-Scraper's Friend"
|
|
|
|
The BeautifulSoup class turns arbitrarily bad HTML into a tree-like
|
|
nested tag-soup list of Tag objects and text snippets. A Tag object
|
|
corresponds to an HTML tag. It knows about the HTML tag's attributes,
|
|
and contains a representation of everything contained between the
|
|
original tag and its closing tag (if any). It's easy to extract Tags
|
|
that meet certain criteria.
|
|
|
|
A well-formed HTML document will yield a well-formed data
|
|
structure. An ill-formed HTML document will yield a correspondingly
|
|
ill-formed data structure. If your document is only locally
|
|
well-formed, you can use this to process the well-formed part of it.
|
|
|
|
#Example:
|
|
#--------
|
|
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
|
|
text = '''<html>
|
|
<head><title>The Title</title></head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<a class="foo" href="http://www.crummy.com/">Link <i>text (italicized)</i></a>
|
|
<a href="http://www.foo.com/">Link text 2</a>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>'''
|
|
soup = BeautifulSoup()
|
|
soup.feed(text)
|
|
print soup("a") #Returns a list of 2 Tag objects, one for each link in
|
|
#the source
|
|
print soup.first("a", {'class':'foo'})['href'] #Returns http://www.crummy.com/
|
|
print soup.first("title").contents[0] #Returns "The title"
|
|
print soup.first("a", {'href':'http://www.crummy.com/'}).first("i").contents[0]
|
|
#Returns "text (italicized)"
|
|
|
|
#Example of SQL-style attribute wildcards -- all four 'find' calls will
|
|
#find the link.
|
|
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
soup = BeautifulSoup()
|
|
soup.feed('''<a href="http://foo.com/">bla</a>''')
|
|
print soup.fetch('a', {'href': 'http://foo.com/'})
|
|
print soup.fetch('a', {'href': 'http://%'})
|
|
print soup.fetch('a', {'href': '%.com/'})
|
|
print soup.fetch('a', {'href': '%o.c%'})
|
|
|
|
#Example with horrible HTML:
|
|
#---------------------------
|
|
soup = BeautifulSoup()
|
|
soup.feed('''<body>
|
|
Go <a class="that" href="here.html"><i>here</i></a>
|
|
or <i>go <b><a href="index.html">Home</a>
|
|
</html>''')
|
|
print soup.fetch('a') #Returns a list of 2 Tag objects.
|
|
print soup.first(attrs={'href': 'here.html'})['class'] #Returns "that"
|
|
print soup.first(attrs={'class': 'that'}).first('i').contents[0] #returns "here"
|
|
|
|
This library has no external dependencies. It works with Python 1.5.2
|
|
and up. If you can install a Python extension, you might want to use
|
|
the ElementTree Tidy HTML Tree Builder instead:
|
|
http://www.effbot.org/zone/element-tidylib.htm
|
|
|
|
You can use BeautifulSoup on any SGML-like substance, such as XML or a
|
|
domain-specific language that looks like HTML but has different tag
|
|
names. For such purposes you may want to use the BeautifulStoneSoup
|
|
class, which knows nothing at all about HTML per se. I also reserve
|
|
the right to make the BeautifulSoup parser smarter between releases,
|
|
so if you want forwards-compatibility without having to think about
|
|
it, you might want to go with BeautifulStoneSoup.
|
|
|
|
Release status:
|
|
|
|
(I do a new release whenever I make a change that breaks backwards
|
|
compatibility.)
|
|
|
|
Current release:
|
|
|
|
Applied patch from Richie Hindle (richie at entrian dot com) that
|
|
makes tag.string a shorthand for tag.contents[0].string when the tag
|
|
has only one string-owning child.
|
|
|
|
1.2 "Who for such dainties would not stoop?" (2004/07/08): Applied
|
|
patch from Ben Last (ben at benlast dot com) that made
|
|
Tag.renderContents() correctly handle Unicode.
|
|
|
|
Made BeautifulStoneSoup even dumber by making it not implicitly
|
|
close a tag when another tag of the same type is encountered; only
|
|
when an actual closing tag is encountered. This change courtesy of
|
|
Fuzzy (mike at pcblokes dot com). BeautifulSoup still works as
|
|
before.
|
|
|
|
1.1 "Swimming in a hot tureen": Added more 'nestable' tags. Changed
|
|
popping semantics so that when a nestable tag is encountered, tags are
|
|
popped up to the previously encountered nestable tag (of whatever kind).
|
|
I will revert this if enough people complain, but it should make
|
|
more people's lives easier than harder.
|
|
|
|
This enhancement was suggested by Anthony Baxter (anthony at
|
|
interlink dot com dot au).
|
|
|
|
1.0 "So rich and green": Initial release.
|
|
|
|
Retreived from: http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
__author__ = "Leonard Richardson (leonardr@segfault.org)"
|
|
__version__ = "1.1 $Revision: 1.2 $"
|
|
__date__ = "$Date: 2004/08/27 20:06:12 $"
|
|
__copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2004 Leonard Richardson"
|
|
__license__ = "Python"
|
|
|
|
from sgmllib import SGMLParser
|
|
import string
|
|
import types
|
|
|
|
class PageElement:
|
|
"""Contains the navigational information for some part of the page
|
|
(either a tag or a piece of text)"""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, parent=None, previous=None):
|
|
self.parent = parent
|
|
self.previous = previous
|
|
self.next = None
|
|
|
|
class NavigableText(PageElement):
|
|
|
|
"""A simple wrapper around a string that keeps track of where in
|
|
the document the string was found. Doesn't implement all the
|
|
string methods because I'm lazy. You could have this extend
|
|
UserString if you were using 2.2."""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, string, parent=None, previous=None):
|
|
PageElement.__init__(self, parent, previous)
|
|
self.string = string
|
|
|
|
def __eq__(self, other):
|
|
return self.string == str(other)
|
|
|
|
def __str__(self):
|
|
return self.string
|
|
|
|
def strip(self):
|
|
return self.string.strip()
|
|
|
|
class Tag(PageElement):
|
|
|
|
"""Represents a found HTML tag with its attributes and contents."""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, name, attrs={}, parent=None, previous=None):
|
|
PageElement.__init__(self, parent, previous)
|
|
self.name = name
|
|
self.attrs = attrs
|
|
self.contents = []
|
|
self.foundClose = 0
|
|
|
|
def get(self, key, default=None):
|
|
return self._getAttrMap().get(key, default)
|
|
|
|
def __call__(self, *args):
|
|
return apply(self.fetch, args)
|
|
|
|
def __getitem__(self, key):
|
|
return self._getAttrMap()[key]
|
|
|
|
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
|
|
self._getAttrMap()
|
|
self.attrMap[key] = value
|
|
for i in range(0, len(self.attrs)):
|
|
if self.attrs[i][0] == key:
|
|
self.attrs[i] = (key, value)
|
|
|
|
def _getAttrMap(self):
|
|
if not hasattr(self, 'attrMap'):
|
|
self.attrMap = {}
|
|
for (key, value) in self.attrs:
|
|
self.attrMap[key] = value
|
|
return self.attrMap
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
return str(self)
|
|
|
|
def __ne__(self, other):
|
|
return not self == other
|
|
|
|
def __eq__(self, other):
|
|
if not isinstance(other, Tag) or self.name != other.name or self.attrs != other.attrs or len(self.contents) != len(other.contents):
|
|
return 0
|
|
for i in range(0, len(self.contents)):
|
|
if self.contents[i] != other.contents[i]:
|
|
return 0
|
|
return 1
|
|
|
|
def __str__(self):
|
|
attrs = ''
|
|
if self.attrs:
|
|
for key, val in self.attrs:
|
|
attrs = attrs + ' %s="%s"' % (key, val)
|
|
close = ''
|
|
closeTag = ''
|
|
if self.isSelfClosing():
|
|
close = ' /'
|
|
elif self.foundClose:
|
|
closeTag = '</%s>' % self.name
|
|
s = self.renderContents()
|
|
if not hasattr(self, 'hideTag'):
|
|
s = '<%s%s%s>' % (self.name, attrs, close) + s + closeTag
|
|
return s
|
|
|
|
def renderContents(self):
|
|
s='' #non-Unicode
|
|
for c in self.contents:
|
|
try:
|
|
s = s + str(c)
|
|
except UnicodeEncodeError:
|
|
if type(s) <> types.UnicodeType:
|
|
s = s.decode('utf8') #convert ascii to Unicode
|
|
#str() should, strictly speaking, not return a Unicode
|
|
#string, but NavigableText never checks and will return
|
|
#Unicode data if it was initialised with it.
|
|
s = s + str(c)
|
|
return s
|
|
|
|
def isSelfClosing(self):
|
|
return self.name in BeautifulSoup.SELF_CLOSING_TAGS
|
|
|
|
def append(self, tag):
|
|
self.contents.append(tag)
|
|
|
|
def first(self, name=None, attrs={}, contents=None, recursive=1):
|
|
r = None
|
|
l = self.fetch(name, attrs, contents, recursive)
|
|
if l:
|
|
r = l[0]
|
|
return r
|
|
|
|
def fetch(self, name=None, attrs={}, contents=None, recursive=1):
|
|
"""Extracts Tag objects that match the given criteria. You
|
|
can specify the name of the Tag, any attributes you want the
|
|
Tag to have, and what text and Tags you want to see inside the
|
|
Tag."""
|
|
if contents and type(contents) != type([]):
|
|
contents = [contents]
|
|
results = []
|
|
for i in self.contents:
|
|
if isinstance(i, Tag):
|
|
if not name or i.name == name:
|
|
match = 1
|
|
for attr, value in attrs.items():
|
|
check = i.get(attr)
|
|
#By default, find the specific value called for.
|
|
#Use SQL-style wildcards to find substrings, prefix,
|
|
#suffix, etc.
|
|
result = (check == value)
|
|
if check and value:
|
|
if len(value) > 1 and value[0] == '%' and value[-1] == '%' and value[-2] != '\\':
|
|
result = (check.find(value[1:-1]) != -1)
|
|
elif value[0] == '%':
|
|
print "blah"
|
|
result = check.rfind(value[1:]) == len(check)-len(value)+1
|
|
elif value[-1] == '%':
|
|
result = check.find(value[:-1]) == 0
|
|
if not result:
|
|
match = 0
|
|
break
|
|
match = match and (not contents or i.contents == contents)
|
|
if match:
|
|
results.append(i)
|
|
if recursive:
|
|
results.extend(i.fetch(name, attrs, contents, recursive))
|
|
return results
|
|
|
|
class BeautifulSoup(SGMLParser, Tag):
|
|
|
|
"""The actual parser. It knows the following facts about HTML, and
|
|
not much else:
|
|
|
|
* Some tags have no closing tag and should be interpreted as being
|
|
closed as soon as they are encountered.
|
|
|
|
* Most tags can't be nested; encountering an open tag when there's
|
|
already an open tag of that type in the stack means that the
|
|
previous tag of that type should be implicitly closed. However,
|
|
some tags can be nested. When a nestable tag is encountered,
|
|
it's okay to close all unclosed tags up to the last nestable
|
|
tag. It might not be safe to close any more, so that's all it
|
|
closes.
|
|
|
|
* The text inside some tags (ie. 'script') may contain tags which
|
|
are not really part of the document and which should be parsed
|
|
as text, not tags. If you want to parse the text as tags, you can
|
|
always get it and parse it explicitly."""
|
|
|
|
SELF_CLOSING_TAGS = ['br', 'hr', 'input', 'img', 'meta', 'spacer',
|
|
'link', 'frame']
|
|
NESTABLE_TAGS = ['font', 'table', 'tr', 'td', 'th', 'tbody', 'p',
|
|
'div']
|
|
QUOTE_TAGS = ['script']
|
|
|
|
IMPLICITLY_CLOSE_TAGS = 1
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, text=None):
|
|
Tag.__init__(self, '[document]')
|
|
SGMLParser.__init__(self)
|
|
self.quoteStack = []
|
|
self.hideTag = 1
|
|
self.reset()
|
|
if text:
|
|
self.feed(text)
|
|
|
|
def feed(self, text):
|
|
SGMLParser.feed(self, text)
|
|
self.endData()
|
|
|
|
def reset(self):
|
|
SGMLParser.reset(self)
|
|
self.currentData = ''
|
|
self.currentTag = None
|
|
self.tagStack = []
|
|
self.pushTag(self)
|
|
|
|
def popTag(self, closedTagName=None):
|
|
tag = self.tagStack.pop()
|
|
if closedTagName == tag.name:
|
|
tag.foundClose = 1
|
|
|
|
# Tags with just one string-owning child get the same string
|
|
# property as the child, so that soup.tag.string is shorthand
|
|
# for soup.tag.contents[0].string
|
|
if len(self.currentTag.contents) == 1 and \
|
|
hasattr(self.currentTag.contents[0], 'string'):
|
|
self.currentTag.string = self.currentTag.contents[0].string
|
|
|
|
#print "Pop", tag.name
|
|
self.currentTag = self.tagStack[-1]
|
|
return self.currentTag
|
|
|
|
def pushTag(self, tag):
|
|
#print "Push", tag.name
|
|
if self.currentTag:
|
|
self.currentTag.append(tag)
|
|
self.tagStack.append(tag)
|
|
self.currentTag = self.tagStack[-1]
|
|
|
|
def endData(self):
|
|
if self.currentData:
|
|
if not string.strip(self.currentData):
|
|
if '\n' in self.currentData:
|
|
self.currentData = '\n'
|
|
else:
|
|
self.currentData = ' '
|
|
o = NavigableText(self.currentData, self.currentTag, self.previous)
|
|
if self.previous:
|
|
self.previous.next = o
|
|
self.previous = o
|
|
self.currentTag.contents.append(o)
|
|
self.currentData = ''
|
|
|
|
def _popToTag(self, name, closedTag=0):
|
|
"""Pops the tag stack up to and including the most recent
|
|
instance of the given tag. If a list of tags is given, will
|
|
accept any of those tags as an excuse to stop popping, and will
|
|
*not* pop the tag that caused it to stop popping."""
|
|
if self.IMPLICITLY_CLOSE_TAGS:
|
|
closedTag = 1
|
|
numPops = 0
|
|
mostRecentTag = None
|
|
oneTag = (type(name) == types.StringType)
|
|
for i in range(len(self.tagStack)-1, 0, -1):
|
|
thisTag = self.tagStack[i].name
|
|
if (oneTag and thisTag == name) \
|
|
or (not oneTag and thisTag in name):
|
|
numPops = len(self.tagStack)-i
|
|
break
|
|
if not oneTag:
|
|
numPops = numPops - 1
|
|
|
|
closedTagName = None
|
|
if closedTag:
|
|
closedTagName = name
|
|
|
|
for i in range(0, numPops):
|
|
mostRecentTag = self.popTag(closedTagName)
|
|
return mostRecentTag
|
|
|
|
def unknown_starttag(self, name, attrs):
|
|
if self.quoteStack:
|
|
#This is not a real tag.
|
|
#print "<%s> is not real!" % name
|
|
attrs = map(lambda(x, y): '%s="%s"' % (x, y), attrs)
|
|
self.handle_data('<%s %s>' % (name, attrs))
|
|
return
|
|
self.endData()
|
|
tag = Tag(name, attrs, self.currentTag, self.previous)
|
|
if self.previous:
|
|
self.previous.next = tag
|
|
self.previous = tag
|
|
if not name in self.SELF_CLOSING_TAGS:
|
|
if name in self.NESTABLE_TAGS:
|
|
self._popToTag(self.NESTABLE_TAGS)
|
|
else:
|
|
self._popToTag(name)
|
|
self.pushTag(tag)
|
|
if name in self.SELF_CLOSING_TAGS:
|
|
self.popTag()
|
|
if name in self.QUOTE_TAGS:
|
|
#print "Beginning quote (%s)" % name
|
|
self.quoteStack.append(name)
|
|
|
|
def unknown_endtag(self, name):
|
|
if self.quoteStack and self.quoteStack[-1] != name:
|
|
#This is not a real end tag.
|
|
#print "</%s> is not real!" % name
|
|
self.handle_data('</%s>' % name)
|
|
return
|
|
self.endData()
|
|
self._popToTag(name, 1)
|
|
if self.quoteStack and self.quoteStack[-1] == name:
|
|
#print "That's the end of %s!" % self.quoteStack[-1]
|
|
self.quoteStack.pop()
|
|
|
|
def handle_data(self, data):
|
|
self.currentData = self.currentData + data
|
|
|
|
def handle_comment(self, text):
|
|
"Propagate comments right through."
|
|
self.handle_data("<!--%s-->" % text)
|
|
|
|
def handle_charref(self, ref):
|
|
"Propagate char refs right through."
|
|
self.handle_data('&#%s;' % ref)
|
|
|
|
def handle_entityref(self, ref):
|
|
"Propagate entity refs right through."
|
|
self.handle_data('&%s;' % ref)
|
|
|
|
def handle_decl(self, data):
|
|
"Propagate DOCTYPEs right through."
|
|
self.handle_data('<!%s>' % data)
|
|
|
|
class BeautifulStoneSoup(BeautifulSoup):
|
|
|
|
"""A version of BeautifulSoup that doesn't know anything at all
|
|
about what HTML tags have special behavior. Useful for parsing
|
|
things that aren't HTML, or when BeautifulSoup makes an assumption
|
|
counter to what you were expecting."""
|
|
|
|
IMPLICITLY_CLOSE_TAGS = 0
|
|
|
|
SELF_CLOSING_TAGS = []
|
|
NESTABLE_TAGS = []
|
|
QUOTE_TAGS = []
|