iwd/src/crypto.c

/*
 *
 *  Wireless daemon for Linux
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2013-2014  Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
 *
 *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 *  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>

#include <ell/ell.h>

#include "crypto.h"

/* RFC 3526, Section 2 */
const unsigned char crypto_dh5_prime[] = {
	0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc9, 0x0f, 0xda, 0xa2,
	0x21, 0x68, 0xc2, 0x34, 0xc4, 0xc6, 0x62, 0x8b, 0x80, 0xdc, 0x1c, 0xd1,
	0x29, 0x02, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x8a, 0x67, 0xcc, 0x74, 0x02, 0x0b, 0xbe, 0xa6,
	0x3b, 0x13, 0x9b, 0x22, 0x51, 0x4a, 0x08, 0x79, 0x8e, 0x34, 0x04, 0xdd,
	0xef, 0x95, 0x19, 0xb3, 0xcd, 0x3a, 0x43, 0x1b, 0x30, 0x2b, 0x0a, 0x6d,
	0xf2, 0x5f, 0x14, 0x37, 0x4f, 0xe1, 0x35, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x51, 0xc2, 0x45,
	0xe4, 0x85, 0xb5, 0x76, 0x62, 0x5e, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xf4, 0x4c, 0x42, 0xe9,
	0xa6, 0x37, 0xed, 0x6b, 0x0b, 0xff, 0x5c, 0xb6, 0xf4, 0x06, 0xb7, 0xed,
	0xee, 0x38, 0x6b, 0xfb, 0x5a, 0x89, 0x9f, 0xa5, 0xae, 0x9f, 0x24, 0x11,
	0x7c, 0x4b, 0x1f, 0xe6, 0x49, 0x28, 0x66, 0x51, 0xec, 0xe4, 0x5b, 0x3d,
	0xc2, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xb8, 0xa1, 0x63, 0xbf, 0x05, 0x98, 0xda, 0x48, 0x36,
	0x1c, 0x55, 0xd3, 0x9a, 0x69, 0x16, 0x3f, 0xa8, 0xfd, 0x24, 0xcf, 0x5f,
	0x83, 0x65, 0x5d, 0x23, 0xdc, 0xa3, 0xad, 0x96, 0x1c, 0x62, 0xf3, 0x56,
	0x20, 0x85, 0x52, 0xbb, 0x9e, 0xd5, 0x29, 0x07, 0x70, 0x96, 0x96, 0x6d,
	0x67, 0x0c, 0x35, 0x4e, 0x4a, 0xbc, 0x98, 0x04, 0xf1, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x08,
	0xca, 0x23, 0x73, 0x27, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
};
size_t crypto_dh5_prime_size = sizeof(crypto_dh5_prime);

const unsigned char crypto_dh5_generator[] = { 0x2 };
size_t crypto_dh5_generator_size = sizeof(crypto_dh5_generator);

static bool hmac_common(enum l_checksum_type type,
		const void *key, size_t key_len,
                const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	struct l_checksum *hmac;

	hmac = l_checksum_new_hmac(type, key, key_len);
	if (!hmac)
		return false;

	l_checksum_update(hmac, data, data_len);
	l_checksum_get_digest(hmac, output, size);
	l_checksum_free(hmac);

	return true;
}

bool hmac_md5(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	return hmac_common(L_CHECKSUM_MD5, key, key_len, data, data_len,
				output, size);
}

bool hmac_sha1(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	return hmac_common(L_CHECKSUM_SHA1, key, key_len, data, data_len,
				output, size);
}

bool hmac_sha256(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	return hmac_common(L_CHECKSUM_SHA256, key, key_len, data, data_len,
				output, size);
}

bool cmac_aes(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	struct l_checksum *cmac_aes;

	cmac_aes = l_checksum_new_cmac_aes(key, key_len);
	if (!cmac_aes)
		return false;

	l_checksum_update(cmac_aes, data, data_len);
	l_checksum_get_digest(cmac_aes, output, size);
	l_checksum_free(cmac_aes);

	return true;
}

/*
 * Implements AES Key-Unwrap from RFC 3394
 *
 * The key is specified using @kek.  @in contains the encrypted data and @len
 * contains its length.  @out will contain the decrypted data.  The result
 * will be (len - 8) bytes.
 *
 * Returns: true on success, false if an IV mismatch has occurred.
 *
 * NOTE: Buffers @in and @out can overlap
 */
bool aes_unwrap(const uint8_t *kek, const uint8_t *in, size_t len,
			uint8_t *out)
{
	uint8_t a[8], b[16];
	uint8_t *r;
	size_t n = (len - 8) >> 3;
	int i, j;
	struct l_cipher *cipher;

	cipher = l_cipher_new(L_CIPHER_AES, kek, 16);
	if (!cipher)
		return false;

	/* Set up */
	memcpy(a, in, 8);
	memmove(out, in + 8, n * 8);

	/* Unwrap */
	for (j = 5; j >= 0; j--) {
		r = out + (n - 1) * 8;

		for (i = n; i >= 1; i--) {
			memcpy(b, a, 8);
			memcpy(b + 8, r, 8);
			b[7] ^= n * j + i;
			l_cipher_decrypt(cipher, b, b, 16);
			memcpy(a, b, 8);
			memcpy(r, b + 8, 8);
			r -= 8;
		}
	}

	l_cipher_free(cipher);

	/* Check IV */
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		if (a[i] != 0xA6)
			return false;

	return true;
}

bool arc4_skip(const uint8_t *key, size_t key_len, size_t skip,
		const uint8_t *in, size_t len, uint8_t *out)
{
	char skip_buf[1024];
	struct l_cipher *cipher;
	struct iovec in_vec[2];
	struct iovec out_vec[2];
	bool r;

	cipher = l_cipher_new(L_CIPHER_ARC4, key, key_len);
	if (!cipher)
		return false;

	while (skip > sizeof(skip_buf)) {
		size_t to_skip =
			skip > sizeof(skip_buf) ? sizeof(skip_buf) : skip;

		l_cipher_decrypt(cipher, skip_buf, skip_buf, to_skip);
		skip -= to_skip;
	}

	in_vec[0].iov_base = skip_buf;
	in_vec[0].iov_len = skip;
	in_vec[1].iov_base = (void *) in;
	in_vec[1].iov_len = len;

	out_vec[0].iov_base = skip_buf;
	out_vec[0].iov_len = skip;
	out_vec[1].iov_base = out;
	out_vec[1].iov_len = len;

	r = l_cipher_decryptv(cipher, in_vec, 2, out_vec, 2);
	l_cipher_free(cipher);

	return r;
}

/* 802.11, Section 11.6.2, Table 11-4 */
int crypto_cipher_key_len(enum crypto_cipher cipher)
{
	switch (cipher) {
	case CRYPTO_CIPHER_WEP40:
		return 5;
	case CRYPTO_CIPHER_WEP104:
		return 13;
	case CRYPTO_CIPHER_TKIP:
		return 32;
	case CRYPTO_CIPHER_CCMP:
		return 16;
	case CRYPTO_CIPHER_BIP:
		return 16;
	};

	return 0;
}

int crypto_cipher_tk_bits(enum crypto_cipher cipher)
{
	return crypto_cipher_key_len(cipher) * 8;
}

#define SHA1_MAC_LEN 20

static void F(struct l_checksum *checksum,
			const char *salt, size_t salt_len,
			unsigned int iterations, unsigned int count,
							unsigned char *digest)
{
	unsigned char tmp[SHA1_MAC_LEN];
	unsigned char buf[36];
	unsigned int i, j;

	memcpy(buf, salt, salt_len);
	buf[salt_len + 0] = (count >> 24) & 0xff;
	buf[salt_len + 1] = (count >> 16) & 0xff;
	buf[salt_len + 2] = (count >> 8) & 0xff;
	buf[salt_len + 3] = count & 0xff;

	l_checksum_update(checksum, buf, salt_len + 4);
	l_checksum_get_digest(checksum, tmp, SHA1_MAC_LEN);
	memcpy(digest, tmp, SHA1_MAC_LEN);

	for (i = 1; i < iterations; i++) {
		l_checksum_update(checksum, tmp, SHA1_MAC_LEN);
		l_checksum_get_digest(checksum, tmp, SHA1_MAC_LEN);

		for (j = 0; j < SHA1_MAC_LEN; j++)
			digest[j] ^= tmp[j];
	}
}

bool pbkdf2_sha1(const void *password, size_t password_len,
			const void *salt, size_t salt_len,
			unsigned int iterations, void *output, size_t size)
{
	struct l_checksum *checksum;
	unsigned char *ptr = output;
	unsigned char digest[SHA1_MAC_LEN];
	unsigned int i;

	checksum = l_checksum_new_hmac(L_CHECKSUM_SHA1, password, password_len);
	if (!checksum)
		return false;

	for (i = 1; size > 0; i++) {
		size_t len;

		F(checksum, salt, salt_len, iterations, i, digest);

		len = size > SHA1_MAC_LEN ? SHA1_MAC_LEN : size;
		memcpy(ptr, digest, len);

		ptr += len;
		size -= len;
	}

	l_checksum_free(checksum);

	return true;
}

int crypto_psk_from_passphrase(const char *passphrase,
				const unsigned char *ssid, size_t ssid_len,
				unsigned char *out_psk)
{
	size_t passphrase_len;
	size_t i;
	bool result;
	unsigned char psk[32];

	if (!passphrase)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!ssid)
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * IEEE 802.11, Annex M, Section M.4.1:
	 * "A pass-phrase is a sequence of between 8 and 63 ASCII-encoded
	 * characters. The limit of 63 comes from the desire to distinguish
	 * between a pass-phrase and a PSK displayed as 64 hexadecimal
	 * characters."
	 */
	passphrase_len = strlen(passphrase);
	if (passphrase_len < 8 || passphrase_len > 63)
		return -ERANGE;

	if (ssid_len == 0 || ssid_len > 32)
		return -ERANGE;

	/* IEEE 802.11, Annex M, Section M.4.1:
	 * "Each character in the pass-phrase must have an encoding in the
	 * range of 32 to 126 (decimal), inclusive."
	 *
	 * This corresponds to printable characters only
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < passphrase_len; i++) {
		if (l_ascii_isprint(passphrase[i]))
			continue;

		return -EINVAL;
	}

	result = pbkdf2_sha1(passphrase, passphrase_len, ssid, ssid_len,
				4096, psk, sizeof(psk));
	if (!result)
		return -ENOKEY;

	if (out_psk)
		memcpy(out_psk, psk, sizeof(psk));

	return 0;
}

bool prf_sha1(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *prefix, size_t prefix_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	struct l_checksum *hmac;
	unsigned int i, offset = 0;
	unsigned char empty = '\0';
	unsigned char counter;
	struct iovec iov[4] = {
		[0] = { .iov_base = (void *) prefix, .iov_len = prefix_len },
		[1] = { .iov_base = &empty, .iov_len = 1 },
		[2] = { .iov_base = (void *) data, .iov_len = data_len },
		[3] = { .iov_base = &counter, .iov_len = 1 },
	};

	hmac = l_checksum_new_hmac(L_CHECKSUM_SHA1, key, key_len);
	if (!hmac)
		return false;

	/* PRF processes in 160-bit chunks (20 bytes) */
	for (i = 0, counter = 0; i < (size + 19) / 20; i++, counter++) {
		size_t len;

		if (size - offset > 20)
			len = 20;
		else
			len = size - offset;

		l_checksum_updatev(hmac, iov, 4);
		l_checksum_get_digest(hmac, output + offset, len);

		offset += len;
	}

	l_checksum_free(hmac);

	return true;
}

/* Defined in 802.11-2012, Section 11.6.1.7.2 Key derivation function (KDF) */
bool kdf_sha256(const void *key, size_t key_len,
		const void *prefix, size_t prefix_len,
		const void *data, size_t data_len, void *output, size_t size)
{
	struct l_checksum *hmac;
	unsigned int i, offset = 0;
	unsigned int counter;
	uint8_t counter_le[2];
	uint8_t length_le[2];
	struct iovec iov[4] = {
		[0] = { .iov_base = counter_le, .iov_len = 2 },
		[1] = { .iov_base = (void *) prefix, .iov_len = prefix_len },
		[2] = { .iov_base = (void *) data, .iov_len = data_len },
		[3] = { .iov_base = length_le, .iov_len = 2 },
	};

	hmac = l_checksum_new_hmac(L_CHECKSUM_SHA256, key, key_len);
	if (!hmac)
		return false;

	/* Length is denominated in bits, not bytes */
	l_put_le16(size * 8, length_le);

	/* KDF processes in 256-bit chunks (32 bytes) */
	for (i = 0, counter = 1; i < (size + 31) / 32; i++, counter++) {
		size_t len;

		if (size - offset > 32)
			len = 32;
		else
			len = size - offset;

		l_put_le16(counter, counter_le);

		l_checksum_updatev(hmac, iov, 4);
		l_checksum_get_digest(hmac, output + offset, len);

		offset += len;
	}

	l_checksum_free(hmac);

	return true;
}

/*
 * 802.11, Section 11.6.6.7:
 * PTK = PRF-X(PMK, "Pairwise key expansion", Min(AA, SA) || Max(AA, SA) ||
 *		Min(ANonce, SNonce) || Max(ANonce, SNonce))
 *
 * 802.11, Section 11.6.1.3:
 * The PTK shall be derived from the PMK by
 *  PTK ← PRF-X(PMK, “Pairwise key expansion”, Min(AA,SPA) || Max(AA,SPA) ||
 *		Min(ANonce,SNonce) || Max(ANonce,SNonce))
 * where X = 256 + TK_bits. The value of TK_bits is cipher-suite dependent and
 * is defined in Table 11-4. The Min and Max operations for IEEE 802 addresses
 * are with the address converted to a positive integer treating the first
 * transmitted octet as the most significant octet of the integer. The Min and
 * Max operations for nonces are with the nonces treated as positive integers
 * converted as specified in 8.2.2.
 */
static bool crypto_derive_ptk(const uint8_t *pmk, size_t pmk_len,
				const char *label,
				const uint8_t *addr1, const uint8_t *addr2,
				const uint8_t *nonce1, const uint8_t *nonce2,
				uint8_t *out_ptk, size_t ptk_len,
				bool use_sha256)
{
	/* Nonce length is 32 */
	uint8_t data[ETH_ALEN * 2 + 64];
	size_t pos = 0;

	/* Address 1 is less than Address 2 */
	if (memcmp(addr1, addr2, ETH_ALEN) < 0) {
		memcpy(data, addr1, ETH_ALEN);
		memcpy(data + ETH_ALEN, addr2, ETH_ALEN);
	} else {
		memcpy(data, addr2, ETH_ALEN);
		memcpy(data + ETH_ALEN, addr1, ETH_ALEN);
	}

	pos += ETH_ALEN * 2;

	/* Nonce1 is less than Nonce2 */
	if (memcmp(nonce1, nonce2, 32) < 0) {
		memcpy(data + pos, nonce1, 32);
		memcpy(data + pos + 32, nonce2, 32);
	} else {
		memcpy(data + pos, nonce2, 32);
		memcpy(data + pos + 32, nonce1, 32);
	}

	pos += 64;

	if (use_sha256)
		return kdf_sha256(pmk, pmk_len, label, strlen(label),
					data, sizeof(data), out_ptk, ptk_len);
	else
		return prf_sha1(pmk, pmk_len, label, strlen(label),
					data, sizeof(data), out_ptk, ptk_len);
}

bool crypto_derive_pairwise_ptk(const uint8_t *pmk,
				const uint8_t *addr1, const uint8_t *addr2,
				const uint8_t *nonce1, const uint8_t *nonce2,
				struct crypto_ptk *out_ptk, size_t ptk_len,
				bool use_sha256)
{
	return crypto_derive_ptk(pmk, 32, "Pairwise key expansion",
					addr1, addr2, nonce1, nonce2,
					(uint8_t *) out_ptk, ptk_len,
					use_sha256);
}

/* Defined in 802.11-2012, Section 11.6.1.7.3 PMK-R0 */
bool crypto_derive_pmk_r0(const uint8_t *xxkey,
				const uint8_t *ssid, size_t ssid_len,
				uint16_t mdid,
				const uint8_t *r0khid, size_t r0kh_len,
				const uint8_t *s0khid, uint8_t *out_pmk_r0,
				uint8_t *out_pmk_r0_name)
{
	uint8_t context[512];
	size_t pos = 0;
	uint8_t output[48];
	struct l_checksum *sha256;
	bool r = false;
	struct iovec iov[2] = {
		[0] = { .iov_base = "FT-R0N", .iov_len = 6 },
		[1] = { .iov_base = output + 32, .iov_len = 16 },
	};

	context[pos++] = ssid_len;

	memcpy(context + pos, ssid, ssid_len);
	pos += ssid_len;

	l_put_le16(mdid, context + pos);
	pos += 2;

	context[pos++] = r0kh_len;

	memcpy(context + pos, r0khid, r0kh_len);
	pos += r0kh_len;

	memcpy(context + pos, s0khid, ETH_ALEN);
	pos += ETH_ALEN;

	if (!kdf_sha256(xxkey, 32, "FT-R0", 5, context, pos, output, 48))
		goto exit;

	sha256 = l_checksum_new(L_CHECKSUM_SHA256);
	if (!sha256)
		goto exit;

	l_checksum_updatev(sha256, iov, 2);
	l_checksum_get_digest(sha256, out_pmk_r0_name, 16);

	l_checksum_free(sha256);

	memcpy(out_pmk_r0, output, 32);

	r = true;

exit:
	memset(context, 0, pos);
	memset(output, 0, 48);

	return r;
}

/* Defined in 802.11-2012, Section 11.6.1.7.4 PMK-R1 */
bool crypto_derive_pmk_r1(const uint8_t *pmk_r0,
				const uint8_t *r1khid, const uint8_t *s1khid,
				const uint8_t *pmk_r0_name,
				uint8_t *out_pmk_r1,
				uint8_t *out_pmk_r1_name)
{
	uint8_t context[2 * ETH_ALEN];
	struct l_checksum *sha256;
	bool r = false;
	struct iovec iov[3] = {
		[0] = { .iov_base = "FT-R1N", .iov_len = 6 },
		[1] = { .iov_base = (uint8_t *) pmk_r0_name, .iov_len = 16 },
		[2] = { .iov_base = context, .iov_len = sizeof(context) },
	};

	memcpy(context, r1khid, ETH_ALEN);

	memcpy(context + ETH_ALEN, s1khid, ETH_ALEN);

	if (!kdf_sha256(pmk_r0, 32, "FT-R1", 5, context, sizeof(context),
				out_pmk_r1, 32))
		goto exit;

	sha256 = l_checksum_new(L_CHECKSUM_SHA256);
	if (!sha256) {
		memset(out_pmk_r1, 0, 32);
		goto exit;
	}

	l_checksum_updatev(sha256, iov, 3);
	l_checksum_get_digest(sha256, out_pmk_r1_name, 16);

	l_checksum_free(sha256);

	r = true;

exit:
	memset(context, 0, sizeof(context));

	return r;
}

/* Defined in 802.11-2012, Section 11.6.1.7.5 PTK */
bool crypto_derive_ft_ptk(const uint8_t *pmk_r1, const uint8_t *pmk_r1_name,
				const uint8_t *addr1, const uint8_t *addr2,
				const uint8_t *nonce1, const uint8_t *nonce2,
				struct crypto_ptk *out_ptk, size_t ptk_len,
				uint8_t *out_ptk_name)
{
	uint8_t context[ETH_ALEN * 2 + 64];
	struct l_checksum *sha256;
	bool r = false;
	struct iovec iov[3] = {
		[0] = { .iov_base = (uint8_t *) pmk_r1_name, .iov_len = 16 },
		[1] = { .iov_base = "FT-PTKN", .iov_len = 7 },
		[2] = { .iov_base = context, .iov_len = sizeof(context) },
	};

	memcpy(context, nonce1, 32);

	memcpy(context + 32, nonce2, 32);

	memcpy(context + 64, addr1, ETH_ALEN);

	memcpy(context + 64 + ETH_ALEN, addr2, ETH_ALEN);

	if (!kdf_sha256(pmk_r1, 32, "FT-PTK", 6, context, sizeof(context),
				out_ptk, ptk_len))
		goto exit;

	sha256 = l_checksum_new(L_CHECKSUM_SHA256);
	if (!sha256) {
		memset(out_ptk, 0, ptk_len);
		goto exit;
	}

	l_checksum_updatev(sha256, iov, 3);
	l_checksum_get_digest(sha256, out_ptk_name, 16);

	l_checksum_free(sha256);

	r = true;

exit:
	memset(context, 0, sizeof(context));

	return r;
}

/* Defined in 802.11-2012, Section 11.6.1.3 Pairwise Key Hierarchy */
bool crypto_derive_pmkid(const uint8_t *pmk,
				const uint8_t *addr1, const uint8_t *addr2,
				uint8_t *out_pmkid, bool use_sha256)
{
	uint8_t data[20];

	memcpy(data + 0, "PMK Name", 8);
	memcpy(data + 8, addr2, 6);
	memcpy(data + 14, addr1, 6);

	if (use_sha256)
		return hmac_sha256(pmk, 32, data, 20, out_pmkid, 16);
	else
		return hmac_sha1(pmk, 32, data, 20, out_pmkid, 16);
}